Notes on 18 U.S.C. § 2153 : US Code - Notes

Search Notes on 18 U.S.C. § 2153 : US Code - Notes

(June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 799; June 30, 1953, ch. 175, Sec.
2, 67 Stat. 133; Sept. 3, 1954, ch. 1261, title I, Sec. 102, 68
Stat. 1217; Pub. L. 103-322, title XXXIII, Sec. 330016(1)(L), Sept.
13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147.)
HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES
Based on section 102 of title 50, U.S.C., 1940 ed., War and
National Defense (Apr. 20, 1918, ch. 59, Sec. 2, 40 Stat. 534).
"As herein defined" was deleted as surplusage.
The conspiracy provisions are new. Their addition to the section
was strongly urged by the Criminal Division of the Department of
Justice, considering the gravity of the substantive offense as
evidenced by the prescribed punishment therefor. The punishment
provisions of the general conspiracy statute, section 371 of this
title, are inadequate.
Words "upon conviction thereof" were omitted as unnecessary since
punishment cannot be imposed until a conviction is secured.
Minor changes were made in phraseology.
AMENDMENTS
1994 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103-322 substituted "fined under this
title" for "fined not more than $10,000".
1954 - Act Sept. 3, 1954, made section applicable in time of
national emergency as well as war, and recognized the possibility
of bacteriological warfare by making "contamination" a crime.
1953 - Subsec. (a). Act June 30, 1953, inserted "or defense
activities" after "carrying on the war".
REPEALS
Section 7 of act June 30, 1953, ch. 175, 67 Stat. 134, repealed
Joint Res. July 3, 1952, ch. 570, Sec. 1(a)(29), 66 Stat. 333;
Joint Res. Mar. 31, 1953, ch. 13, Sec. 1, 67 Stat. 18, formerly
cited as credits to this section and also formerly set out as a
note under this section.