Notes on 42 U.S.C. § 1971 : US Code - Notes

Search Notes on 42 U.S.C. § 1971 : US Code - Notes

(R.S. Sec. 2004; Pub. L. 85-315, pt. IV, Sec. 131, Sept. 9, 1957,
71 Stat. 637; Pub. L. 86-449, title VI, Sec. 601, May 6, 1960, 74
Stat. 90; Pub. L. 88-352, title I, Sec. 101, July 2, 1964, 78 Stat.
241; Pub. L. 89-110, Sec. 15, Aug. 6, 1965, 79 Stat. 445.)
REFERENCES IN TEXT
The Civil Rights Act of 1960, referred to in subsec. (a)(2)(C),
is Pub. L. 86-449, May 6, 1960, 74 Stat. 86, as amended. Title III
of the Civil Rights Act of 1960 is classified generally to
subchapter II (Sec. 1974 et seq.) of this chapter. For complete
classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note below
and Tables.
Rule 53(c) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, referred to
in subsec. (e), is set out in the Appendix to Title 28, Judiciary
and Judicial Procedure.
This Act, referred to in subsec. (f), is Pub. L. 85-315, Sept. 9,
1957, 71 Stat. 634, as amended, which enacted sections 1975 to
1975e and 1995 of this title and section 295-1 of former Title 5,
Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees,
amended this section and sections 1343 and 1861 of Title 28,
repealed section 1993 of this title, and enacted provisions set out
as a note under section 1975 of this title.
CODIFICATION
R.S. Sec. 2004 derived from act May 31, 1870, ch. 114, Sec. 1, 16
Stat. 140.
In subsec. (e), "section 3331 of title 5" was substituted for
"Revised Statutes, section 1757 (5 U.S.C. 16)" on authority of Pub.
L. 89-554, Sec. 7(b), Sept. 6, 1966, 80 Stat. 631, the first
section of which enacted Title 5, Government Organization and
Employees.
Section was formerly classified to section 31 of Title 8, Aliens
and Nationality.
AMENDMENTS
1965 - Subsecs. (a), (c). Pub. L. 89-110, Sec. 15(a), struck out
"Federal" before "election" wherever appearing.
Subsecs. (f) to (h). Pub. L. 89-110, Sec. 15(b), redesignated
subsecs. (g) and (h) as (f) and (g), respectively, and repealed
former subsec. (f) which defined "Federal elections".
1964 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 88-352, Sec. 101(a), designated
existing provisions as par. (1) and added pars. (2) and (3).
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 88-352, Sec. 101(b), provided for a
rebuttable literacy presumption when a person has not been adjudged
an incompetent and has completed the sixth grade of his schooling.
Subsecs. (f), (g). Pub. L. 88-352, Sec. 101(c), added subsec. (f)
and redesignated former subsec. (f) as (g).
Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 88-352, Sec. 101(d), added subsec. (h).
1960 - Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 86-449, Sec. 601(b), permitted the
State to be joined as a party defendant in cases where officials of
a State or subdivision thereof are alleged to have committed acts
or practices constituting a deprivation of any rights or privileges
secured by subsection (a) of this section, and authorized
commencement of the proceeding against the State where an official
has resigned or has been relieved of his office and no successor
has assumed such office.
Subsecs. (e), (f). Pub. L. 86-449, Sec. 601(a), added subsec. (e)
and redesignated former subsec. (e) as (f).
1957 - Pub. L. 85-315, Sec. 131, substituted "Voting rights" for
"Race, color, or previous condition not to affect right to vote" in
section catchline, designated existing provisions as subsec. (a),
and added subsecs. (b) to (e).
SHORT TITLE OF 1992 AMENDMENT
Pub. L. 102-344, Sec. 1, Aug. 26, 1992, 106 Stat. 921, provided
that: "This Act [amending section 1973aa-1a of this title] may be
cited as the 'Voting Rights Language Assistance Act of 1992'."
SHORT TITLE OF 1986 AMENDMENT
Pub. L. 99-410, Sec. 1, Aug. 28, 1986, 100 Stat. 924, provided
that: "This Act [enacting subchapter I-G of this chapter, sections
608 and 609 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, and section
3406 of Title 39, Postal Service, amending sections 2401, 3627, and
3684 of Title 39, repealing subchapters I-D and I-E of this
chapter, and enacting provisions set out as a note under section
1973ff of this title] may be cited as the 'Uniformed and Overseas
Citizens Absentee Voting Act'."
SHORT TITLE OF 1982 AMENDMENT
Pub. L. 97-205, Sec. 1, June 29, 1982, 96 Stat. 131, provided:
"That this Act [enacting section 1973aa-6 of this title, amending
sections 1973, 1973b, and 1973aa-1a of this title, and enacting
provisions set out as notes under sections 1973, 1973b, 1973aa-1a
and 1973aa-6 of this title] may be cited as the 'Voting Rights Act
Amendments of 1982'."
SHORT TITLE OF 1970 AMENDMENT
Pub. L. 91-285, Sec. 1, June 22, 1970, 84 Stat. 314, provided:
"That this Act [designating existing provisions of Pub. L. 89-110
as subchapter I-A, enacting subchapters I-B and I-C of this
chapter, and amending sections 1973b and 1973c of this title] may
be cited as the 'Voting Rights Act Amendments of 1970'."
SHORT TITLE OF 1960 AMENDMENT
Pub. L. 86-449, Sec. 1, May 6, 1960, 74 Stat. 84, provided that:
"This Act [enacting subchapter II of this chapter and sections 837,
1074, and 1509 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, and
amending this section and sections 241 and 640 of Title 20,
Education] may be cited as the 'Civil Rights Act of 1960'."
SHORT TITLE OF 1957 AMENDMENT
Pub. L. 85-315, pt. V, Sec. 161, Sept. 9, 1957, 71 Stat. 638,
provided that: "This Act [enacting former chapter 20A of this title
and section 1995 of this title and section 295-1 of former Title 5,
Executive Departments and Government Officers and Employees,
amending this section and sections 1343 and 1861 of Title 28,
Judiciary and Judicial Procedure, and repealing section 1993 of
this title] may be cited as the 'Civil Rights Act of 1957'."
SHORT TITLE
Pub. L. 89-110, Sec. 1, Aug. 6, 1965, 79 Stat. 437, provided
that: "This Act [enacting subchapters I-A, I-B, and I-C of this
chapter and amending this section] shall be known as the 'Voting
Rights Act of 1965'."
Act Aug. 9, 1955, ch. 656, Sec. 1, 69 Stat. 584, which provided
that such Act, which enacted subchapter I-D of this chapter and
repealed sections 301 to 303, 321 to 331, 341, and 351 to 355 of
Title 50, War and National Defense, was to be cited as "The Federal
Voting Assistance Act of 1955", was repealed by Pub. L. 99-410,
title II, Sec. 203, Aug. 28, 1986, 100 Stat. 930.
Pub. L. 94-203, Sec. 1, Jan. 2, 1976, 89 Stat. 1142, which
provided that Pub. L. 94-203, which enacted subchapter I-E of this
chapter, was to be cited as "Overseas Citizens Voting Rights Act of
1975", was repealed by Pub. L. 99-410, title II, Sec. 203, Aug. 28,
1986, 100 Stat. 930.
Pub. L. 98-435, Sec. 1, Sept. 28, 1984, 98 Stat. 1678, provided
that: "This Act [enacting subchapter I-F of this chapter] may be
cited as the 'Voting Accessibility for the Elderly and Handicapped
Act'."
Pub. L. 103-31, Sec. 1, May 20, 1993, 107 Stat. 77, provided
that: "This Act [enacting subchapter I-H of this chapter and
section 3629 of Title 39, Postal Service, and amending sections
2401 and 3627 of Title 39] may be cited as the 'National Voter
Registration Act of 1993'."
SEPARABILITY
Section 701 of Pub. L. 86-449 provided that: "If any provisions
of this Act [see Short Title note above] is held invalid, the
remainder of this Act shall not be affected thereby."
VOTER REGISTRATION DRIVES
Pub. L. 98-473, title I, Sec. 101(j), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat.
1963, provided that: "It is the sense of the Congress that -
"(1) voter registration drives should be encouraged by
governmental entities at all levels; and
"(2) voter registration drives conducted by State governments
on a nonpartisan basis do not violate the provisions of the
Intergovernmental Personnel Act (42 U.S.C. 4728, 4763)."