Notes on 42 U.S.C. § 3608 : US Code - Notes

Search Notes on 42 U.S.C. § 3608 : US Code - Notes

(Pub. L. 90-284, title VIII, Sec. 808, Apr. 11, 1968, 82 Stat. 84;
Pub. L. 95-251, Sec. 3, Mar. 27, 1978, 92 Stat. 184; Pub. L. 95-
454, title VIII, Sec. 801(a)(3)(J), Oct. 13, 1978, 92 Stat. 1222;
Pub. L. 100-430, Sec. 7, Sept. 13, 1988, 102 Stat. 1623.)
REFERENCES IN TEXT
This Act, referred to in subsec. (a), means Pub. L. 90-284, Apr.
11, 1968, 82 Stat. 73, as amended, known as the Civil Rights Act of
1968, which enacted this chapter, sections 231 to 233, 245, 2101,
and 2102 of Title 18, Crimes and Criminal Procedure, and sections
1301 to 1303, 1311, 1312, 1321 to 1326, 1331, and 1341 of Title 25,
Indians, amended sections 1973j, 3533, 3535 of this title, and
sections 241, 242, and 1153 of Title 18, enacted provisions set out
as notes under sections 231 and 245 of Title 18, and repealed
provisions set out as notes under section 1360 of Title 28,
Judiciary and Judicial Procedure. For complete classification of
this Act to the Code, see Tables.
The Civil Rights Act of 1964, referred to in subsec. (f)(1), is
Pub. L. 88-352, July 2, 1964, 78 Stat. 241, as amended. Title VI of
the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is classified generally to subchapter
V (Sec. 2000d et seq.) of chapter 21 of this title. For complete
classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set
out under section 2000a of this title and Tables.
The Age Discrimination Act of 1975, referred to in subsec.
(f)(4), is title III of Pub. L. 94-135, Nov. 28, 1975, 78 Stat.
728, as amended, which is classified generally to chapter 76 (Sec.
6101 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification of this
Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 6101 of
this title and Tables.
The Equal Credit Opportunity Act, referred to in subsec. (f)(5),
is title VII of Pub. L. 90-321, as added by Pub. L. 93-495, title
V, Sec. 503, Oct. 28, 1974, 88 Stat. 1521, as amended, which is
classified generally to subchapter IV (Sec. 1691 et seq.) of
chapter 41 of Title 15, Commerce and Trade. For complete
classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set
out under section 1601 of Title 15 and Tables.
The Executive orders referred to in subsec. (f)(11) are set out
as notes under sections of the Code as follows:
Ex. Ord. No. 11063: 42 U.S.C. 1982,
Ex. Ord. No. 11246: 42 U.S.C. 2000e,
Ex. Ord. No. 11625: 15 U.S.C. 631,
Ex. Ord. No. 12250: 42 U.S.C. 2000d-1, and
Ex. Ord. No. 12432: 15 U.S.C. 631.
Ex. Ord. No. 12259, referred to in subsec. (f)(11), was set out
below, prior to revocation by Ex. Ord. No. 12892, Jan. 17, 1994, 59
F.R. 2939, set out below.
CODIFICATION
The second sentence of subsec. (b) of this section has been
omitted as it amended sections 3533(a) and 3535(c) of this title.
AMENDMENTS
1988 - Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 100-430, Sec. 7(a), inserted
"(including any Federal agency having regulatory or supervisory
authority over financial institutions)" after "urban development".
Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 100-430, Sec. 7(b)(1)(A), inserted
provisions relating to annual report to Congress.
Subsec. (e)(6). Pub. L. 100-430, Sec. 7(b)(1)(B)-(D), added par.
(6).
Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 100-430, Sec. 7(b)(2), added subsec. (f).
1978 - Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 95-251 substituted "administrative
law judges" for "hearing examiners".
Pub. L. 95-454 substituted "5372" for "5362".
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1988 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 100-430 effective on 180th day beginning
after Sept. 13, 1988, see section 13(a) of Pub. L. 100-430, set out
as a note under section 3601 of this title.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1978 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 95-454 effective on first day of first
applicable pay period beginning on or after 90th day after Oct. 13,
1978, see section 801(a)(4)(A) of Pub. L. 95-454, set out as an
Effective Date note under section 5361 of Title 5, Government
Organization and Employees.
TREATMENT OF OCCUPANCY STANDARDS
Pub. L. 105-276, title V, Sec. 589, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat.
2651, provided that:
"(a) Establishment of Policy. - Not later than 60 days after the
date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 21, 1998], the Secretary of
Housing and Urban Development shall publish a notice in the Federal
Register for effect that takes effect upon publication and provides
that the specific and unmodified standards provided in the March
20, 1991, Memorandum from the General Counsel of the Department of
Housing and Urban Development to all Regional Counsel shall be the
policy of the Department of Housing and Urban Development with
respect to complaints of discrimination under the Fair Housing Act
(42 U.S.C. 3601 et seq.) on the basis of familial status which
involve an occupancy standard established by a housing provider.
"(b) Prohibition of National Standard. - The Secretary of Housing
and Urban Development shall not directly or indirectly establish a
national occupancy standard."
EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 12259
Ex. Ord. No. 12259, Dec. 31, 1980, 46 F.R. 1253, which related to
leadership and coordination by Secretary of Housing and Urban
Development of fair housing programs and activities in Federal
programs, was revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 12892, Sec. 6-607, Jan. 17,
1994, 59 F.R. 2939, set out below.
EX. ORD. NO. 12892. LEADERSHIP AND COORDINATION OF FAIR HOUSING IN
FEDERAL PROGRAMS: AFFIRMATIVELY FURTHERING FAIR HOUSING
Ex. Ord. No. 12892, Jan. 17, 1994, 59 F.R. 2939, provided:
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution
and the laws of the United States of America, and in accordance
with the Fair Housing Act, as amended (42 U.S.C. 3601 et seq.)
("Act"), in order to affirmatively further fair housing in all
Federal programs and activities relating to housing and urban
development throughout the United States, it is hereby ordered as
follows:
Section 1. Administration of Programs and Activities Relating to
Housing and Urban Development.
1-101. Section 808(d) of the Act, as amended [42 U.S.C. 3608(d)],
provides that all executive departments and agencies shall
administer their programs and activities relating to housing and
urban development (including any Federal agency having regulatory
or supervisory authority over financial institutions) in a manner
affirmatively to further the purposes of the Act and shall
cooperate with the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development to
further such purposes.
1-102. As used in this order, the phrase "programs and
activities" shall include programs and activities operated,
administered, or undertaken by the Federal Government; grants;
loans; contracts; insurance; guarantees; and Federal supervision or
exercise of regulatory responsibility (including regulatory or
supervisory authority over financial institutions).
Sec. 2. Responsibilities of Executive Agencies.
2-201. The primary authority and responsibility for administering
the programs and activities relating to housing and urban
development affirmatively to further fair housing is vested in the
Secretary of Housing and Urban Development.
2-202. The head of each executive agency is responsible for
ensuring that its programs and activities relating to housing and
urban development are administered in a manner affirmatively to
further the goal of fair housing as required by section 808 of the
Act [42 U.S.C. 3608] and for cooperating with the Secretary of
Housing and Urban Development, who shall be responsible for
exercising leadership in furthering the purposes of the Act.
2-203. In carrying out the responsibilities in this order, the
head of each executive agency shall take appropriate steps to
require that all persons or other entities who are applicants for,
or participants in, or who are supervised or regulated under,
agency programs and activities relating to housing and urban
development shall comply with this order.
2-204. Upon receipt of a complaint alleging facts that may
constitute a violation of the Act or upon receipt of information
from a consumer compliance examination or other information
suggesting a violation of the Act, each executive agency shall
forward such facts or information to the Secretary of Housing and
Urban Development for processing under the Act. Where such facts or
information indicate a possible pattern or practice of
discrimination in violation of the Act, they also shall be
forwarded to the Attorney General. The authority of the Federal
depository institution regulatory agencies to take appropriate
action under their statutory authority remains unaffected.
Sec. 3. President's Fair Housing Council.
3-301. There is hereby established an advisory council entitled
the "President's Fair Housing Council" ("Council"). The Council
shall be chaired by the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
and shall consist of the Secretary of Health and Human Services,
the Secretary of Transportation, the Secretary of Education, the
Secretary of Labor, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of
Agriculture, the Secretary of Veterans Affairs, the Secretary of
the Treasury, the Attorney General, the Secretary of the Interior,
the Chair of the Federal Reserve, the Comptroller of the Currency,
the Director of the Office of Thrift Supervision, the Chair of the
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, and such other officials of
executive departments and agencies as the President may, from time
to time, designate.
3-302. The President's Fair Housing Council shall review the
design and delivery of Federal programs and activities to ensure
that they support a coordinated strategy to affirmatively further
fair housing. The Council shall propose revisions to existing
programs or activities, develop pilot programs and activities, and
propose new programs and activities to achieve its goals.
3-303. In support of cooperative efforts among all executive
agencies, the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development shall:
(a) cooperate with, and render assistance to, the heads of all
executive agencies in the formulation of policies and procedures to
implement this order and to provide information and guidance on the
affirmative administration of programs and activities relating to
housing and urban development and the protection of the rights
accorded by the Act; and
(b) develop memoranda of understanding and any necessary
implementing procedures among executive agencies designed to
provide for consultation and the coordination of Federal efforts to
further fair housing through the affirmative administration of
programs and activities relating to housing and urban development,
including coordination of the investigation of complaints or other
information referred to the Secretary as required by section 2-204
of this order that would constitute a violation of the Act or,
where relevant, other Federal laws. Existing memoranda of
understanding shall remain in effect until superseded.
3-304. In connection with carrying out functions under this
order, the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development is authorized
to request from any executive agency such information and
assistance as the Secretary deems necessary. Each agency shall
furnish such information to the extent permitted by law and, to the
extent practicable, provide assistance to the Secretary.
Sec. 4. Specific Responsibilities.
4-401. In implementing the responsibilities under sections 2-201,
2-202, 2-203, and section 3 of this order, the Secretary of Housing
and Urban Development shall, to the extent permitted by law:
(a) promulgate regulations in consultation with the Department of
Justice and Federal banking agencies regarding programs and
activities of executive agencies related to housing and urban
development that shall:
(1) describe the functions, organization, and operations of the
President's Fair Housing Council;
(2) describe the types of programs and activities defined in
section 1-102 of this order that are subject to the order;
(3) describe the responsibilities and obligations of executive
agencies in ensuring that programs and activities are
administered and executed in a manner that furthers fair housing;
(4) describe the responsibilities and obligations of
applicants, participants, and other persons and entities involved
in housing and urban development programs and activities
affirmatively to further the goal of fair housing; and
(5) describe a method to identify impediments in programs or
activities that restrict fair housing choice and implement
incentives that will maximize the achievement of practices that
affirmatively further fair housing.
(b) coordinate executive agency implementation of the
requirements of this order and issue standards and procedures
regarding:
(1) the administration of programs and activities relating to
housing and urban development in a manner affirmatively to
further fair housing; and
(2) the cooperation of executive agencies in furtherance of the
Secretary of Housing and Urban Development's authority and
responsibility under the Act.
4-402. Within 180 days of the publication of final regulations by
the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development under section 4-401
of this order, the head of each executive agency shall publish
proposed regulations providing for the administration of programs
and activities relating to housing and urban development in a
manner affirmatively to further fair housing, consistent with the
Secretary of Housing and Urban Development's regulations, and with
the standards and procedures issued pursuant to section 4-401(b) of
this order. As soon as practicable thereafter, each executive
agency shall issue its final regulations. All executive agencies
shall formally submit all such proposed and final regulations, and
any related issuances or standards, to the Secretary of Housing and
Urban Development at least 30 days prior to public announcement.
4-403. The Secretary of Housing and Urban Development shall
review proposed regulations and standards prepared pursuant to
section 4-402 of this order to ensure conformity with the purposes
of the Act and consistency among the operations of the various
executive agencies and shall provide comments to executive agencies
with respect thereto on a timely basis.
4-404. In addition to promulgating the regulations described in
section 4-401 of this order, the Secretary of Housing and Urban
Development shall promulgate regulations describing the nature and
scope of coverage and the conduct prohibited, including mortgage
lending discrimination and property insurance discrimination.
Sec. 5. Administrative Enforcement.
5-501. The head of each executive agency shall be responsible for
enforcement of this order and, unless prohibited by law, shall
cooperate and provide records, data, and documentation in
connection with any other agency's investigation of compliance with
provisions of this order.
5-502. If any executive agency concludes that any person or
entity (including any State or local public agency) applying for or
participating in, or supervised or regulated under, a program or
activity relating to housing and urban development has not complied
with this order or any applicable rule, regulation, or procedure
issued or adopted pursuant to this order, it shall endeavor to end
and remedy such violation by informal means, including conference,
conciliation, and persuasion. An executive agency need not pursue
informal resolution of matters where similar efforts made by
another executive agency have been unsuccessful, except where
otherwise required by law. In the event of failure of such informal
means, the executive agency, in conformity with rules, regulations,
procedures, or policies issued or adopted by it pursuant to section
4 of this order hereof, shall impose such sanctions as may be
authorized by law. To the extent authorized by law, such sanctions
may include:
(a) cancellation or termination of agreements or contracts with
such person, entity, or any State or local public agency;
(b) refusal to extend any further aid under any program or
activity administered by it and affected by this order until it is
satisfied that the affected person, entity, or State or local
public agency will comply with the rules, regulations, and
procedures issued or adopted pursuant to this order;
(c) refusal to grant supervisory or regulatory approval to such
person, entity, or State or local public agency under any program
or activity administered by it that is affected by this order or
revoke such approval if previously given; and
(d) any other action as may be appropriate under law.
5-503. Findings of any violation under section 5-502 of this
order shall be promptly reported by the head of each executive
agency to the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development and the
Attorney General. The Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
shall forward this information to all other executive agencies.
5-504. Any executive agency shall also consider invoking
appropriate sanctions against any person or entity where any other
executive department or agency has initiated action against that
person or entity pursuant to section 5-502 of this order, where the
Secretary of Housing and Urban Development has issued a charge
against such person or entity that has not been resolved, or where
the Attorney General has filed a civil action in Federal Court
against such person or entity.
5-505. Each executive agency shall consult with the Secretary of
Housing and Urban Development, and the Attorney General where a
civil action in Federal Court has been filed, regarding agency
actions to invoke sanctions under the Act. The Department of
Housing and Urban Development, the Department of Justice, and
Federal banking agencies shall develop and coordinate appropriate
policies and procedures for taking action under their respective
authorities. Each decision to invoke sanctions and the reasons
therefor shall be documented and shall be provided to the Secretary
of Housing and Urban Development and, where appropriate, to the
Attorney General in a timely manner.
Sec. 6. General Provisions.
6-601. Nothing in this order shall limit the authority of the
Attorney General to provide for the coordinated enforcement of
nondiscrimination requirements in Federal assistance programs under
Executive Order No. 12250 [42 U.S.C. 2000d-1 note].
6-602. All provisions of regulations, guidelines, and procedures
proposed to be issued by executive agencies pursuant to this order
that implement nondiscrimination requirements of laws covered by
Executive Order No. 12250 [42 U.S.C. 2000d-1 note] shall be
submitted to the Attorney General for review in accordance with
that Executive order. In addition, the Secretary shall consult with
the Attorney General regarding all regulations and procedures
proposed to be issued under sections 4-401 and 4-402 of this order
to assure consistency with coordinated Federal efforts to enforce
nondiscrimination requirements in programs of Federal financial
assistance pursuant to Executive Order No. 12250.
6-603. Nothing in this order shall affect the authority and
responsibility of the Attorney General to commence any civil action
authorized by the Act.
6-604. (a) Part IV and sections 501 and 503 of Executive Order
No. 11063 [42 U.S.C. 1982 note] are revoked. The activities and
functions of the President's Committee on Equal Opportunity in
Housing described in that Executive order shall be performed by the
Secretary of Housing and Urban Development.
(b) Sections 101 and 502(a) of Executive Order No. 11063 are
revised to apply to discrimination because of "race, color,
religion (creed), sex, disability, familial status or national
origin." All executive agencies shall revise regulations,
guidelines, and procedures issued pursuant to Part II of Executive
Order No. 11063 to reflect this amendment to coverage.
(c) Section 102 of Executive Order No. 11063 is revised by
deleting the term "Housing and Home Finance Agency" and inserting
in lieu thereof the term "Department of Housing and Urban
Development."
6-605. Nothing in this order shall affect any requirement imposed
under the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (15 U.S.C. 1691 et seq.),
the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (12 U.S.C. 2801 et seq.) or the
Community Reinvestment Act (12 U.S.C. 2901 et seq.).
6-606. Nothing in this order shall limit the authority of the
Federal banking agencies to carry out their responsibilities under
current law or regulations.
6-607. Executive Order No. 12259 is hereby revoked.
Sec. 7. Report.
7-701. The Secretary of Housing and Urban Development shall
submit to the President an annual report commenting on the progress
that the Department of Housing and Urban Development and other
executive agencies have made in carrying out requirements and
responsibilities under this Executive order. The annual report may
be consolidated with the annual report on the state of fair housing
required by section 808(e)(2) of the Act [42 U.S.C. 3608(e)(2)].
William J. Clinton.
FEDERAL LEADERSHIP OF FAIR HOUSING
Memorandum of President of the United States, Jan. 17, 1994, 59
F.R. 8513, provided:
Memorandum for the Heads of Executive Departments and Agencies
On April 11, 1968, one week after the assassination of the great
civil rights leader Martin Luther King, Jr., the Fair Housing Act
[42 U.S.C. 3601 et seq.] was enacted (1) to prohibit discrimination
in housing, and (2) to direct the Secretary of Housing and Urban
Development to affirmatively further fair housing in Federal
housing and urban development programs. Twenty-five years later,
despite a strengthening of the Fair Housing Act 5 years ago,
hundreds of acts of housing discrimination occur in our Nation each
day.
Americans of every income level, seeking to live where they
choose, feel the weight of discrimination because of the color of
their skin, their race, their religion, their gender, their country
of origin, or because they are disabled or have children.
An increasing body of evidence indicates that barriers to fair
housing are pervasive. Forty percent of all families move every 5
years. This statistic is significant given the results of a recent
study, commissioned by the Department of Housing and Urban
Development (HUD), which found that more than half of the African
Americans and Latinos seeking to rent or buy a home are treated
differently than whites with the same qualifications. Moreover,
based upon Home Mortgage Disclosure Act [12 U.S.C. 2801 et seq.]
data, the number of minority persons who are rejected when
attempting to obtain loans to purchase homes is two to three times
higher than it is for nonminorities in almost every metropolitan
area of this country.
Racial and ethnic segregation, both in the private housing market
and in public and assisted housing, has been well documented.
Despite legislation (the Fair Housing Act) and Executive action
(Executive Order No. 11063 [42 U.S.C. 1982 note]), the divisive
impact of housing segregation persists in metropolitan areas all
across this country. Too many lower income and minority Americans
face barriers to housing outside of central cities. Segregation in
housing and schools deprives too many of our children and youth of
an opportunity to enter the marketplace or work on an equal
footing. For too many families, our cities are no longer the
launching pads for economic self-sufficiency and upward mobility
that they have been for countless immigrants and minorities since
the country's birth. And many Americans who are better off abandon
the cities.
The resulting decline in the very heart of too many of our
metropolitan areas threatens all of us: the health of our dynamic
regional economies - the very lifeblood of future national economic
growth and higher living standards for all of us and all of our
children - is placed at risk.
We can do better. We can start by making sure that our own
Federal policies and programs across all of our agencies support
the fair housing and equal opportunity goals to which all Americans
are committed. If all of our executive agencies affirmatively
further fair housing in the design of their policies and
administration of their programs relating to housing and urban
development, a truly nondiscriminatory housing market will be
closer to achievement.
By an Executive Order [Ex. Ord. No. 12892, set out above] ("the
Order") I am issuing today and this memorandum, I am addressing
those needs. The Secretary of Housing and Urban Development and,
where appropriate, the Attorney General - the officials with the
primary responsibility for the enforcement of Federal fair housing
laws - will take the lead in developing and coordinating measures
to carry out the purposes of this Order.
Through this Order, I am first expanding Executive Order No.
11063 to provide protection against discrimination in programs of
Federal insurance or guaranty to persons who are disabled and to
families with children.
Second, I am revoking the old Executive Order No. 12259 entitled
"Leadership and Coordination of Fair Housing in Federal Programs."
The new Executive order reflects the expanded authority of the
Secretary of Housing and Urban Development and I am directing him
to take stronger measures to provide leadership and coordination in
affirmatively furthering fair housing in Federal programs.
Third, I ask the heads of departments and agencies, including the
Federal banking agencies, to cooperate with the Secretary of
Housing and Urban Development in identifying ways to structure
agency programs and activities to affirmatively further fair
housing and to promptly negotiate memoranda of understanding with
him to accomplish that goal.
Further, I direct the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
to review all of HUD's programs to assure that they truly provide
equal opportunity and promote economic self-sufficiency for those
who are beneficiaries and recipients of those programs.
I also direct the Secretary to review HUD's programs to assure
that they contain the maximum incentives to affirmatively further
fair housing and to eliminate barriers to free choice where they
continue to exist. This review shall include Federally assisted
housing, Federally insured housing and other housing and housing
related programs, including those of the Government National
Mortgage Association and the Federal Housing Administration.
Today, I am establishing a new Cabinet-level organization to
focus the cooperative efforts of all agencies on fair housing. The
President's Fair Housing Council will be chaired by the Secretary
of Housing and Urban Development and will consist of the Secretary
of Health and Human Services, the Secretary of Transportation, the
Secretary of Education, the Secretary of Labor, the Secretary of
Defense, the Secretary of Agriculture, the Secretary of Veterans
Affairs, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Attorney General, the
Secretary of the Interior, the Chair of the Federal Reserve, the
Comptroller of the Currency, the Director of the Office of Thrift
Supervision, and the Chair of the Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation.
The President's Fair Housing Council shall review the design and
delivery of Federal programs and activities to ensure that they
support a coordinated strategy to affirmatively further fair
housing. The Council shall propose revisions to existing programs
or activities, develop pilot programs and activities, and propose
new programs and activities to achieve its goals.
I direct the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development and the
President's Fair Housing Council to develop a pilot program to be
implemented in selected metropolitan areas. This initiative will
promote fair housing choice by helping inner-city families to move
to suburban neighborhoods and by making the central city more
attractive to those who have left it. I direct the members of the
Council to undertake a demonstration program that will reinvent the
way assisted housing is offered to applicants, will break down
jurisdictional barriers in housing opportunities, and will promote
the use of subsidies that diminish residential segregation, and
will combine these initiatives with refined educational incentives
aimed at improving the effectiveness of inner-city schools. I am
directing that transportation alternatives be considered along with
targeted social service and job training programs as part of the
support necessary to create a one-stop, metropolitan area-wide fair
housing opportunity pilot program that will effectively offer
Federally assisted housing, Federally insured housing, and private
market housing within a metropolitan area to all residents of the
area. The pilot program should call upon realtors, mortgage
lenders, housing providers, and local governments, among others, to
assist in expanding housing choices.
To address the findings of recent studies, I hereby direct the
Secretary of Housing and Urban Development and the Attorney General
and, where appropriate, the heads of the Federal banking agencies
to exercise national leadership to end discrimination in mortgage
lending, the secondary mortgage market, and property insurance
practices. The Secretary is directed to issue regulations to define
discriminatory practices in these areas and the Secretary and the
Attorney General are directed to aggressively enforce the laws
prohibiting these practices.
In each of these areas, I direct the Secretary of Housing and
Urban Development to take the lead with the other Federal agencies
in working to gain the voluntary cooperation, participation, and
expertise of all of those in private industry, the States and
localities who can assist in achieving the Nation's fair housing
goals.
The Secretary of Housing and Urban Development is authorized and
directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.
William J. Clinton.