Notes on 42 U.S.C. § 666 : US Code - Notes

Search Notes on 42 U.S.C. § 666 : US Code - Notes

(Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title IV, Sec. 466, as added Pub. L. 98-
378, Sec. 3(b), Aug. 16, 1984, 98 Stat. 1306; amended Pub. L. 99-
509, title IX, Sec. 9103(a), Oct. 21, 1986, 100 Stat. 1973; Pub.
L. 100-485, title I, Secs. 101(a), (b), 103(c), 111(b), (e), Oct.
13, 1988, 102 Stat. 2344-2346, 2349, 2350; Pub. L. 100-647, title
VIII, Sec. 8105(4), Nov. 10, 1988, 102 Stat. 3797; Pub. L. 103-66,
title XIII, Sec. 13721(b), Aug. 10, 1993, 107 Stat. 659; Pub. L.
103-432, title II, Sec. 212(a), Oct. 31, 1994, 108 Stat. 4460; Pub.
L. 104-193, title I, Sec. 108(c)(14), (15), title III, Secs.
301(c)(3), (4), 314, 315, 317, 321, 323, 325(a), 331(a), 351, 364,
365, 367-369, 372, 373, 382, 395(d)(1)(H), (2)(D), Aug. 22, 1996,
110 Stat. 2166, 2200, 2212, 2214, 2220-2222, 2224, 2227, 2239, 2249-
2251, 2254, 2255, 2257, 2259, 2260; Pub. L. 105-33, title V, Secs.
5532(i)(2), 5536-5539, 5544, 5550(a), 5551, 5556(a), (e), Aug. 5,
1997, 111 Stat. 627, 629-631, 633, 634, 637; Pub. L. 105-200, title
IV, Secs. 401(c)(1), 404(a), 406(a), July 16, 1998, 112 Stat. 661,
671; Pub. L. 106-169, title IV, Sec. 401(f), (m), (n), Dec. 14,
1999, 113 Stat. 1858, 1859.)
REFERENCES IN TEXT                        
Parts A and E of this subchapter, referred to in subsecs.
(a)(10)(A)(i), (15), (18), (b)(2), and (c)(1)(E), are classified to
sections 601 et seq. and 670 et seq., respectively, of this title.
Sections 401(b), 401(c)(3), and 401(f)(5)(C) of the Child Support
Performance and Incentive Act of 1998, Pub. L. 105-200, referred to
in subsec. (a)(19)(A), (B)(ii), are set out as notes under section
651 of this title, section 652 of this title, and section 1169 of
Title 29, Labor, respectively. Section 401(e)(3)(C) of the Act,
referred to in subsec. (a)(19)(A), probably means section 401(e) or
401(e)(3) of the Act, which is set out in a note under section 1169
of Title 29. Section 401(e)(3) of Pub. L. 105-200 does not contain
a subpar. (C).
The Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, referred to
in subsec. (a)(19)(A), is Pub. L. 93-406, Sept. 2, 1974, 88 Stat.
829, as amended. Title I of the Act is classified generally to
subchapter I (Sec. 1001 et seq.) of chapter 18 of Title 29, Labor.
For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short
Title note set out under section 1001 of Title 29 and Tables.
CODIFICATION                           
October 13, 1988, referred to in subsec. (b)(3)(A), was in the
original "the date of enactment of this paragraph", which was
translated as meaning the date of enactment of Pub. L. 100-485,
which amended par. (3) of this section generally, to reflect the
probable intent of Congress.
AMENDMENTS                            
1999 - Subsec. (a)(7)(A). Pub. L. 106-169, Sec. 401(m),
substituted "1681a(f) of title 15)" for "1681a(f) of title 15".
Subsec. (b)(6)(A)(i). Pub. L. 106-169, Sec. 401(n), substituted
"State of the obligor's" for "state of the obligor's" in
introductory provisions.
Subsec. (c)(2)(A)(i). Pub. L. 106-169, Sec. 401(f), substituted
"social security" for "Social Security".
1998 - Subsec. (a)(14)(B). Pub. L. 105-200, Sec. 404(a), amended
heading and text of subpar. (B) generally. Prior to amendment, text
read as follows: "In this part, the term 'high-volume automated
administrative enforcement' means the use of automatic data
processing to search various State data bases, including license
records, employment service data, and State new hire registries, to
determine whether information is available regarding a parent who
owes a child support obligation."
Subsec. (a)(17)(A)(i). Pub. L. 105-200, Sec. 406(a), inserted
"and the Federal Parent Locator Service in the case of financial
institutions doing business in two or more States," before "a data
match system".
Subsec. (a)(19). Pub. L. 105-200, Sec. 401(c)(1), amended heading
and text of par. (19) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as
follows: "Procedures under which all child support orders enforced
pursuant to this part shall include a provision for the health care
coverage of the child, and in the case in which a noncustodial
parent provides such coverage and changes employment, and the new
employer provides health care coverage, the State agency shall
transfer notice of the provision to the employer, which notice
shall operate to enroll the child in the noncustodial parent's
health plan, unless the noncustodial parent contests the notice."
1997 - Subsec. (a)(1)(B). Pub. L. 105-33, Sec. 5556(e),
substituted "January 1, 1994" for "October 1, 1996".
Subsec. (a)(3)(B). Pub. L. 105-33, Sec. 5532(i)(2), substituted
"section 657" for "section 657(b)(4) or (d)(3)".
Subsec. (a)(5)(C)(i). Pub. L. 105-33, Sec. 5539, inserted ", or
through the use of video or audio equipment," after "orally".
Subsec. (a)(13). Pub. L. 105-33, Sec. 5536(2), inserted "to be
used on the face of the document while the social security number
is kept on file at the agency" after "other than the social
security number" in concluding provisions.
Subsec. (a)(13)(A). Pub. L. 105-33, Sec. 5536(1)(B), inserted
"recreational license," after "occupational license,".
Pub. L. 105-33, Sec. 5536(1)(A), struck out "commercial" before
"driver's license".
Subsec. (a)(14). Pub. L. 105-33, Sec. 5550(a), amended heading
and text of par. (14) generally. Prior to amendment, text consisted
of subpars. (A) to (D) relating to administrative enforcement in
interstate cases.
Subsec. (a)(15). Pub. L. 105-33, Sec. 5551, amended heading and
text of par. (15) generally. Prior to amendment, text related to
procedures to ensure that persons owning past-due support work or
have a plan for payment of such support.
Subsec. (a)(16). Pub. L. 105-33, Sec. 5544, inserted "and
sporting" after "recreational".
Subsec. (c)(1)(E). Pub. L. 105-33, Sec. 5538(1)(A), inserted ",
part E of this subchapter," after "part A of this subchapter".
Subsec. (c)(1)(F). Pub. L. 105-33, Sec. 5556(a), made technical
amendment to reference in original act which appears in text as
reference to subsections (a)(1)(A) and (b) of this section.
Subsec. (c)(1)(G). Pub. L. 105-33, Sec. 5538(1)(B), inserted "any
current support obligation and" after "to satisfy" in introductory
provisions.
Subsec. (c)(2)(A)(i). Pub. L. 105-33, Sec. 5538(2)(A), struck out
"the tribunal and" after "to file with".
Subsec. (c)(2)(A)(ii). Pub. L. 105-33, Sec. 5538(2)(B),
substituted "court or administrative agency of competent
jurisdiction shall" for "tribunal may" and "filed with the State
case registry" for "filed with the tribunal".
Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 105-33, Sec. 5537, substituted "and as in
effect on August 22, 1996, including any amendments officially
adopted as of such date by the National Conference of Commissioners
on Uniform State Laws." for "together with any amendments
officially adopted before January 1, 1998 by the National
Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws."
1996 - Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 104-193, Secs. 365(b), 395(d)(1)(H),
in closing provisions, substituted "(7), and (15)" for "and (7)"
and "noncustodial parent" for "absent parent".
Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 314(a)(1), amended par. (1)
generally. Prior to amendment, par. (1) read as follows:
"Procedures described in subsection (b) of this section for the
withholding from income of amounts payable as support."
Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 325(a)(1), substituted
"Expedited administrative and judicial procedures (including the
procedures specified in subsection (c) of this section) for
establishing paternity and for establishing, modifying, and
enforcing support obligations." for "Procedures under which
expedited processes (determined in accordance with regulations of
the Secretary) are in effect under the State judicial system or
under State administrative processes (A) for obtaining and
enforcing support orders, and (B) for establishing paternity."
Subsec. (a)(3)(A). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 395(d)(1)(H), (2)(D),
substituted "a noncustodial parent" for "an absent parent" and
substituted "noncustodial parent" for "absent parent" in two
places.
Subsec. (a)(3)(B). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 301(c)(3), substituted
"in any other case" for "in the case of overdue support which a
State has agreed to collect under section 654(6) of this title".
Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 108(c)(14), substituted "section 608(a)(3)"
for "section 602(a)(26)".
(a)(3)(C). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 395(d)(1)(H), substituted
"noncustodial parent's" for "absent parent's".
Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 368, inserted heading and
amended text of par. (4) generally. Prior to amendment, text read
as follows: "Procedures under which liens are imposed against real
and personal property for amounts of overdue support owed by an
absent parent who resides or owns property in the State."
Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 331(a), inserted heading
and amended text of par. (5) generally. Prior to amendment, text
related to establishment of child's paternity prior to child's
eighteenth birthday.
Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 395(d)(1)(H), (2)(D),
substituted "a noncustodial parent give security" for "an absent
parent give security" and "noncustodial parent of the proposed
action" for "absent parent of the proposed action".
Subsec. (a)(7). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 367, inserted heading and
amended text of par. (7) generally. Prior to amendment, text read
as follows: "Procedures which require the State to periodically
report to consumer reporting agencies (as defined in section
1681a(f) of title 15) the name of any parent who owes overdue
support and is at least 2 months delinquent in the payment of such
support and the amount of such delinquency; except that (A) if the
amount of the overdue support involved in any case is less than
$1,000, information regarding such amount shall be made available
only at the option of the State, (B) any information with respect
to an absent parent shall be made available under such procedures
only after notice has been sent to such absent parent of the
proposed action, and such absent parent has been given a reasonable
opportunity to contest the accuracy of such information (and after
full compliance with all procedural due process requirements of the
State), and (C) such information shall not be made available to (i)
a consumer reporting agency which the State determines does not
have sufficient capability to systematically and timely make
accurate use of such information, or (ii) an entity which has not
furnished evidence satisfactory to the State that the entity is a
consumer reporting agency."
Subsec. (a)(8)(A). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 314(b)(2)(A),
substituted "income" for "wages".
Subsec. (a)(8)(B)(i). Pub. L. 104-193, Secs. 314(b)(2)(A),
395(d)(2)(D), substituted "income" for "wages" in two places and "a
noncustodial parent" for "an absent parent".
Subsec. (a)(8)(B)(ii). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 395(d)(1)(H),
substituted "noncustodial parent" for "absent parent".
Subsec. (a)(10). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 351, inserted heading and
amended text of par. (10) generally. Prior to amendment, text
consisted of subpars. (A) to (C) relating to procedures to ensure
review of child support orders and to ensure that States implement
a process for periodic review and adjustment of child support
orders and provide certain notices to parents subject to child
support order of matters relating to the review and adjustment of
those orders.
Subsec. (a)(12). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 315, added par. (12).
Subsec. (a)(13). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 317, added par. (13).
Subsec. (a)(14). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 323, added par. (14).
Subsec. (a)(15). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 365(a), added par. (15).
Subsec. (a)(16). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 369, added par. (16).
Subsec. (a)(17). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 372, added par. (17).
Subsec. (a)(18). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 373, added par. (18).
Subsec. (a)(19). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 382, added par. (19).
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 314(a)(2)(A), substituted
"subsection (a)(1)(A)" for "subsection (a)(1)" in introductory
provisions.
Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 104-193, Secs. 314(b)(2)(B),
395(d)(1)(H), substituted "noncustodial parent" for "absent parent"
and "income" for "wages (as defined by the State for purposes of
this section)".
Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 108(c)(15), substituted
"assistance under a State program funded under part A" for "aid
under part A".
Subsec. (b)(3)(A). Pub. L. 104-193, Secs. 314(b)(2)(A),
395(d)(2)(D), substituted "income" for "wages" in two places and "a
noncustodial parent" for "an absent parent".
Subsec. (b)(3)(B). Pub. L. 104-193, Secs. 314(b)(2)(A),
395(d)(1)(H), (2)(D), in introductory provisions, substituted
"income" for "wages" in two places, "a noncustodial parent" for "an
absent parent", and "the noncustodial parent" for "the absent
parent".
Subsec. (b)(3)(B)(i). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 395(d)(1)(H),
substituted "noncustodial parent" for "absent parent".
Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 314(a)(2)(B), amended par.
(4) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (4) read as follows:
"(A) Such withholding must be carried out in full compliance with
all procedural due process requirements of the State, and (subject
to subparagraph (B)) the State must send advance notice to each
absent parent to whom paragraph (1) applies regarding the proposed
withholding and the procedures such absent parent should follow if
he or she desires to contest such withholding on the grounds that
withholding (including the amount to be withheld) is not proper in
the case involved because of mistakes of fact. If the absent parent
contests such withholding on those grounds, the State shall
determine whether such withholding will actually occur, shall
(within no more than 45 days after the provision of such advance
notice) inform such parent of whether or not withholding will occur
and (if so) of the date on which it is to begin, and shall furnish
such parent with the information contained in any notice given to
the employer under paragraph (6)(A) with respect to such
withholding.
"(B) The requirement of advance notice set forth in the first
sentence of subparagraph (A) shall not apply in the case of any
State which has a system of income withholding for child support
purposes in effect on August 16, 1984, if such system provides on
that date, and continues to provide, such procedures as may be
necessary to meet the procedural due process requirements of State
law."
Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 314(a)(2)(C), substituted
"the State through the State disbursement unit established pursuant
to section 654b of this title, in accordance with the requirements
of section 654b of this title." for "a public agency designated by
the State, and the amounts withheld must be expeditiously
distributed by the State or such agency in accordance with section
657 of this title under procedures (specified by the State)
adequate to document payments of support and to track and monitor
such payments, except that the State may establish or permit the
establishment of alternative procedures for the collection and
distribution of such amounts (under the supervision of such public
agency) otherwise than through such public agency so long as the
entity making such collection and distribution is publicly
accountable for its actions taken in carrying out such procedures,
and so long as such procedures will assure prompt distribution,
provide for the keeping of adequate records to document payments of
support, and permit the tracking and monitoring of such payments."
Subsec. (b)(6)(A)(i). Pub. L. 104-193, Secs. 314(a)(2)(D)(i),
(b)(2)(A), 395(d)(1)(H), substituted "The employer of any
noncustodial parent" for "The employer of any absent parent",
"withhold from such noncustodial parent's income" for "withhold
from such absent parent's wages", and "to the State disbursement
unit within 7 business days after the date the amount would (but
for this subsection) have been paid or credited to the employee,
for distribution in accordance with this part. The employer shall
withhold funds as directed in the notice, except that when an
employer receives an income withholding order issued by another
State, the employer shall apply the income withholding law of the
state of the obligor's principal place of employment in determining
- " for "to the appropriate agency (or other entity authorized to
collect the amounts withheld under the alternative procedures
described in paragraph (5)) for distribution in accordance with
section 657 of this title.", and added subcls. (I) to (V) and
closing provisions.
Subsec. (b)(6)(A)(ii). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 314(a)(2)(D)(ii),
inserted "be in a standard format prescribed by the Secretary, and"
after "employer shall".
Subsec. (b)(6)(A)(iii). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 314(a)(2)(D)(iii),
added cl. (iii).
Subsec. (b)(6)(C). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 314(b)(2)(A),
substituted "income" for "wages".
Subsec. (b)(6)(D). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 314(a)(2)(E),
substituted "any employer who - " for "any employer who discharges
from employment, refuses to employ, or takes disciplinary action
against any absent parent subject to wage withholding required by
this subsection because of the existence of such withholding and
the obligations or additional obligations which it imposes upon the
employer." and added cls. (i) and (ii).
Subsec. (b)(7). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 314(b)(2)(A), substituted
"income" for "wages".
Subsec. (b)(8). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 314(b)(1), amended par. (8)
generally. Prior to amendment, par. (8) read as follows: "The State
may take such actions as may be necessary to extend its system of
withholding under this subsection so that such system will include
withholding from forms of income other than wages, in order to
assure that child support owed by absent parents in the State will
be collected without regard to the types of such absent parents'
income or the nature of their income-producing activities."
Subsec. (b)(9). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 395(d)(1)(H), substituted
"noncustodial parents" for "absent parents".
Subsec. (b)(11). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 314(a)(2)(F), added par.
(11).
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 325(a)(2), added subsec. (c).
Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 314(c), struck out subsec. (c) which read
as follows: "Any State may at its option, under its plan approved
under section 654 of this title, establish procedures under which
support payments under this part will be made through the State
agency or other entity which administers the State's income
withholding system in any case where either the absent parent or
the custodial parent requests it, even though no arrearages in
child support payments are involved and no income withholding
procedures have been instituted; but in any such case an annual fee
for handling and processing such payments, in an amount not
exceeding the actual costs incurred by the State in connection
therewith or $25, whichever is less, shall be imposed on the
requesting parent by the State."
Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 104-193, Secs. 301(c)(4), 395(d)(1)(H),
substituted "noncustodial parent's spouse" for "absent parent's
spouse" and "section 654(4)" for "paragraph (4) or (6) of section
654".
Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 321, added subsec. (f).
Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 104-193, Sec. 364, added subsec. (g).
1994 - Subsec. (a)(7). Pub. L. 103-432, Sec. 212(a)(1),
substituted "Procedures which require the State to periodically
report to consumer reporting agencies (as defined in section
1681a(f) of title 15) the name of any parent who owes overdue
support and is at least 2 months delinquent in the payment of such
support and the amount of such delinquency" for "Procedures by
which information regarding the amount of overdue support owed by
an absent parent residing in the State will be made available to
any consumer reporting agency (as defined in section 1681a(f) of
title 15) upon the request of such agency".
Subsec. (a)(7)(C). Pub. L. 103-432, Sec. 212(a)(2), substituted
"(C) such information shall not be made available to (i) a consumer
reporting agency which the State determines does not have
sufficient capability to systematically and timely make accurate
use of such information, or (ii) an entity which has not furnished
evidence satisfactory to the State that the entity is a consumer
reporting agency" for "(C) a fee for furnishing such information,
in an amount not exceeding the actual cost thereof, may be imposed
on the requesting agency by the State".
1993 - Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 103-66, Sec. 13721(b)(1), struck
out "at the option of the State," after "and (B)" and inserted "or
paternity establishment" after "support order issuance and
enforcement".
Subsec. (a)(5)(C) to (H). Pub. L. 103-66, Sec. 13721(b)(2), added
subpars. (C) to (H).
Subsec. (a)(11). Pub. L. 103-66, Sec. 13721(b)(3), added par.
(11).
1988 - Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 100-485, Sec. 111(b), designated
existing provisions as subpar. (A) and added subpar. (B).
Subsec. (a)(5)(A). Pub. L. 100-485, Sec. 111(e), as amended by
Pub. L. 100-647, designated existing provisions as cl. (i) and
added cl. (ii).
Subsec. (a)(8). Pub. L. 100-485, Sec. 101(b), designated existing
provisions as subpar. (A), substituted "not described in
subparagraph (B)" for "which are issued or modified in the State",
and added subpar. (B).
Subsec. (a)(10). Pub. L. 100-485, Sec. 103(c), added par. (10).
Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 100-485, Sec. 101(a), amended par. (3)
generally. Prior to amendment, par. (3) read as follows: "An absent
parent shall become subject to such withholding, and the advance
notice required under paragraph (4) shall be given, on the earliest
of - 
"(A) the date on which the payments which the absent parent has
failed to make under such order are at least equal to the support
payable for one month,
"(B) the date as of which the absent parent requests that such
withholding begin, or
"(C) such earlier date as the State may select."
1986 - Subsec. (a)(9). Pub. L. 99-509 added par. (9).
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1999 AMENDMENT                 
Amendment by Pub. L. 106-169 effective as if included in the
enactment of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity
Reconciliation Act of 1996, Pub. L. 104-193, see section 401(q) of
Pub. L. 106-169, set out as a note under section 602 of this title.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1998 AMENDMENT                 
Amendment by section 401(c)(1) of Pub. L. 105-200 effective with
respect to periods beginning on or after the later of Oct. 1, 2001,
or the effective date of laws enacted by the legislature of such
State implementing such amendment, but in no event later than the
first day of the first calendar quarter beginning after the close
of the first regular session of the State legislature that begins
after Oct. 1, 2001, see section 401(c)(3) of Pub. L. 105-200, as
amended, set out as a note under section 652 of this title.
Pub. L. 105-200, title IV, Sec. 404(b), July 16, 1998, 112 Stat.
671, provided that: "The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending
this section] shall take effect as if included in the enactment of
section 5550 of the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 (Public Law 105-33;
111 Stat. 633)."
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1997 AMENDMENT                 
Amendment by Pub. L. 105-33 effective as if included in the
enactment of title III of the Personal Responsibility and Work
Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996, Pub. L. 104-193, except
that amendment made by section 5536(1)(A) of Pub. L. 105-33 not
effective with respect to a State until Oct. 1, 2000, or such
earlier date as the State may elect, see section 5557 of Pub. L.
105-33, as amended, set out as a note under section 608 of this
title.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1996 AMENDMENT                 
Amendment by section 108(c)(14), (15) of Pub. L. 104-193
effective July 1, 1997, with transition rules relating to State
options to accelerate such date, rules relating to claims, actions,
and proceedings commenced before such date, rules relating to
closing out of accounts for terminated or substantially modified
programs and continuance in office of Assistant Secretary for
Family Support, and provisions relating to termination of
entitlement under AFDC program, see section 116 of Pub. L. 104-193,
as amended, set out as an Effective Date note under section 601 of
this title.
For effective date of amendments by title III of Pub. L. 104-193,
see section 395(a)-(c) of Pub. L. 104-193, set out as a note under
section 654 of this title.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1994 AMENDMENT                 
Section 212(b) of Pub. L. 103-432 provided that: "The amendments
made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall take effect on
October 1, 1995."
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1993 AMENDMENT                 
Amendment by Pub. L. 103-66 effective with respect to a State on
later of Oct. 1, 1993, or date of enactment by legislature of such
State of all laws required by such amendments made by section 13721
of Pub. L. 103-66, but in no event later than first day of first
calendar quarter beginning after close of first regular session of
State legislature that begins after Aug. 10, 1993, and, in case of
State that has 2-year legislative session, each year of such
session deemed to be separate regular session of State legislature,
see section 13721(c) of Pub. L. 103-66, set out as a note under
section 652 of this title.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1988 AMENDMENTS                 
Section 8105 of Pub. L. 100-647 provided that amendments made by
that section, amending sections 607 and 669 of this title and
amending provisions of Pub. L. 100-485 which are classified to this
section and section 607 of this title, are effective on date of
enactment of Family Support Act of 1988, Pub. L. 100-485, which was
approved Oct. 13, 1988.
Section 101(d) of Pub. L. 100-485 provided that:
"(1) The amendment made by subsection (a) [amending this section]
shall become effective on the first day of the 25th month beginning
after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 13, 1988].
"(2) The amendments made by subsection (b) [amending this
section] shall become effective on January 1, 1994.
"(3) Subsection (c) [set out below] shall become effective on the
date of the enactment of this Act."
Section 103(f) of Pub. L. 100-485 provided that: "The amendments
made by subsections (a), (b), and (c) [amending this section and
section 667 of this title] shall become effective one year after
the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 13, 1988]."
Amendment by section 111(b) of Pub. L. 100-485 effective on first
day of first month beginning one year or more after Oct. 13, 1988,
see section 111(f)(2) of Pub. L. 100-485, set out as a note under
section 654 of this title.
Amendment by section 111(e) of Pub. L. 100-485 effective Oct. 13,
1988, see section 111(f)(1) of Pub. L. 100-485, set out as a note
under section 652 of this title.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1986 AMENDMENT                 
Section 9103(b) of Pub. L. 99-509 provided that:
"(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the amendment made by
subsection (a) [amending this section] shall become effective on
the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 21, 1986].
"(2) In the case of a State with respect to which the Secretary
of Health and Human Services has determined that State legislation
is required in order to conform the State plan approved under part
D of title IV of the Social Security Act [this part] to the
requirements imposed by the amendment made by subsection (a)
[amending this section], the State plan shall not be regarded as
failing to comply with the requirements of such part solely by
reason of its failure to meet the requirements imposed by such
amendment prior to the beginning of the fourth month beginning
after the end of the first session of the State legislature which
ends on or after the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 21,
1986]. For purposes of the preceding sentence, the term 'session'
means a regular, special, budget, or other session of a State
legislature."
EFFECTIVE DATE                          
Section effective Oct. 1, 1985, except that subsec. (e) effective
with respect to support owed for any month beginning after Aug. 16,
1984, see section 3(g) of Pub. L. 98-378, set out as an Effective
Date of 1984 Amendment note under section 654 of this title.
STUDY ON MAKING IMMEDIATE INCOME WITHHOLDING MANDATORY IN ALL CASES
Section 101(c) of Pub. L. 100-485 directed Secretary of Health
and Human Services to conduct a study of administrative
feasibility, cost implications, and other effects of requiring
immediate income withholding with respect to all child support
awards in a State and report on results of such study not later
than 3 years after Oct. 13, 1988.
STUDY OF IMPACT OF EXTENDING PERIODIC REVIEW REQUIREMENTS TO ALL
OTHER CASES
Section 103(d) of Pub. L. 100-485 directed Secretary of Health
and Human Resources, within 2 years after Oct. 13, 1988, to conduct
and complete a study to determine impact on child support awards
and the courts of requiring each State to periodically review all
child support orders in effect in the State.
DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS FOR EVALUATING MODEL PROCEDURES FOR
REVIEWING CHILD SUPPORT AWARDS
Section 103(e) of Pub. L. 100-485 authorized an agreement between
Secretary of Health and Human Services and each State submitting an
application for purpose of conducting a demonstration project to
test and evaluate model procedures for reviewing child support
award amounts, directed that such projects be commenced not later
than Sept. 30, 1989, and be conducted for a 2-year period, and
directed Secretary to report results of such projects to Congress
not later than 6 months after all projects are completed.
COMMISSION ON INTERSTATE CHILD SUPPORT              
Section 126 of Pub. L. 100-485, as amended by Pub. L. 101-508,
title V, Sec. 5012(a), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388-221; Pub. L.
102-318, title V, Sec. 534(a), July 3, 1992, 106 Stat. 317,
established Commission on Interstate Child Support to hold national
conferences on interstate child support reform and prepare report
to Congress containing recommendations for improving interstate
establishment and enforcement of child support awards and for
revising Uniform Reciprocal Enforcement of Support Act and provided
for powers of the Commission, appropriations, and termination of
the Commission on Sept. 30, 1992.